印尼雅加达台湾移民初探

台湾中正大学 林平^﹡

　　摘　要　由于生产成本自1980年代起不断上升，很多劳力密集的产业从台湾迁往中国大陆或东南亚国家。这样的产业迁移吸引不少台湾人以企业经营者、高阶管理人，或随行家属的身份前往相关国家。当不少研究关注移居中国大陆的台湾人时，关于台湾人在东南亚生活现状的讨论却是非常有限。

　　这份研究是以笔者2015年在雅加达台北学校田野调查获得的资料为基础，经过初步分析之后完成的。藉由对24位受访者进行访谈及参与观察，笔者认为不少台湾人在当地享有相当优渥的生活。与当地华人通婚的受访者，更拥有在台湾无法获得的生活条件与发展机会。这些受访者的迁移经验显示，社会阶层的向上流动与地理边界的跨国流动是有可能发生连结的。受访者对印尼华人与印尼原住民的不同反应，更显示族群因素依然是未来优势移民及海华研究当中的重要议题。

　　关键词　优势移民　社会阶层　雅加达　台湾人

Some Observations on Taiwanese People in Jakarta

Lin Ping

（National Chung Cheng University）

  Abstract: During the 1980s, many Taiwanese firms have moved to the PRC or Southeast Asia due to rising production costs in Taiwan. This trend of firm relocation caused many Taiwanese people to move to the PRC or Southeast Asia as entrepreneurs, firm managers, or accompanying family members. While many studies have explored the experiences of Taiwanese immigrant in the PRC, studies on the lives of Taiwanese people in Southeast Asia are still limited.

　　This pilot study is based on my fieldwork in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2015. Through conducting interviews and participant observation of Taiwanese people affiliated with the Jakarta Taipei School (hereinafter JTS), I argue that a certain number of Taiwanese people live their lives as ‘privileged migrants’ in Jakarta. Most respondents have a high quality of life. Those who marry rich Chinese-Indonesians lead their lives at a status which is higher than that was available to them in Taiwan. Their life experiences show how social mobility and international migration could be intertwined. Their perception on the native Indonesians and Chinese-Indonesians predicts that more studies, on the issue of ethnicity in the field of privileged migration and oversea Chinese, are necessary.

　　Keywords: Privileged Migration; Social Class; Jakarta, Taiwanese