巴冬（Parit Jawa）闽南人的社会结构形成及其特征

—— 马来西亚华人村镇方言群结构历史变化的多元因素考察

邱克威

（厦门大学马来西亚分校 中文系）

摘 要 巴冬地区的华人目前以闽南人和潮州人为主，其中闽南人最多为永春人，其次为南安人。然而，若考察这个百余年村镇的历史形成与发展过程，会发现当下的社会方言族群结构与其形成之初是有较大不同的；即目前的方言族群结构方式其实是百余年来社会与政治经济条件变迁下的产物，同时也随着族缘、地缘、神缘的相互交织机制下整合而形成。这样的社会结构发展变化，其实在马来西亚各地华人村镇中是具有一定普遍性的。当然巴冬闽南人社会结构由于永春为绝对多数，因此更形成其较具特征性的结构方式。我们以巴冬闽南人的社会结构特征为考察对象，尤其社会族群划分，兼及如此社会结构划分下的社团形成及其活动特征。

关键词 巴冬； 武吉摩； 海外闽南人； 马来西亚华人

The Formation and Characteristics of the Min-nan Community Social Structure in Parit Jawa – An Observation of the Complexities in the Historical Formation of Dialect Group Social Structures in Malaysian Chinese Communities

KHOO Kiak Uei

（Xiamen University Malaysia）

Abstract：The Chinese community in Parit Jawa consists mainly of Min-nan and Teochew dialects, with Yongchun group being the majority of the Min-nan group, followed by Nan-an group. However, looking back into its historical formation, the social structure of Parit Jawa Chinese community was rather different a hundred years ago, from what it is today. That is, the social structure as it is now is a result of a hundred years of socio-political and economical changes, with the inter-linking and re-structuring of geographical, ancestral and religious ties among different social groups. This social structure formation process has a certain degree of representation in the social characteristics of Malaysian Chinese communities. Nevertheless, Parit Jawa Min-nan community being Yongchun group majority, has its own uniqueness in its social structure. This article examines the Min-nan community in Parit Jawa, especially its principles of social sub-group division, and the social organizations and the characteristics of these organizations under such principles.

Keywords：Parit Jawa, Bukit Mor, Min-nan community, Malaysian Chinese