抗战时期砂拉越华侨的筹赈运动（1937—1941）
   日本筑波大学 山本真

摘要：筹赈祖国难民运动（简称“筹赈运动”）是抗日战争爆发初期，在东南亚各地的华侨社群中出现的爱国运动。该运动主要面向海外华侨，宣扬对祖国的爱国心和民族意识，进行募捐来救济战争难民，同时强化华侨对于祖国的爱国意识与反日情绪。本文聚焦于南洋砂拉越地区，在既有研究的基础上，结合各种史料与口述历史，从多元视角重新检视筹赈运动：第一，以砂拉越的情况为例，探讨号召华侨共同抗日的宣传方法，以及华侨的实际接受情况；第二，同时纳入砂拉越华侨领袖阶层和一般民众的观点，考察筹赈运动的实际情况；第三，针对砂拉越的筹赈运动，将诗巫与其他各地的情况进行比较分析。本文指出在筹赈运动的过程中，“祖国中国”的民族主义在砂拉越华侨社会的上层中蓬勃发展，并对民众产生了一定的影响，但其渗透的广度和深度并非绝对均衡。本文将视野深入到华侨社区内部，对以往的研究没能充分探讨的砂拉越筹赈运动中各地域、各阶层的非均衡性进行了细致的刻画。

关键词：南洋华侨 筹赈祖国难民运动 抗日战争 砂拉越 诗巫

The Campaigns for Raising China Relief Fund in Sarawak during the Second Sino-Japanese War，1937 -1941

[Japan] Yamamoto Shin （University of Tsukuba）

Abstract：The campaigns for raising China Relief Fund （hereafter CRF campaigns）emerged among overseas Chinese communities across Southeast Asia，including Sarawak，following the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937. CRF campaigns resorted to patriotic and nationalist sentiments to raise funds from overseas Chinese in order to help people on their motherland of China who suffered wars. These campaigns also worked to enhance overseas Chinese’s loyalty to their motherland and anti-Japanese consciousness. There has been a great body of studies on the significance of these campaigns in the histories of overseas Chinese. Building on this scholarship，this article combines a variety of historical material and collection of oral histories to re-examine CRF campaigns in Sarawak from different perspectives：（1）exploring the roles played by the Nationalist government in CRF campaigns in Sarawak，including its measures of arousing anti-Japanese consciousness and their effectiveness among overseas Chinese；（2） unraveling the actual proceedings of CRF campaigns from both the viewpoints of the leading elites and ordinary people in Chinese communities in Sarawak；（3）comparing and discussing the campaigns in Sibu and other places in Sarawak.

Keywords：Overseas Chinese；China Relief Fund；The Second Sino-Japanese War；Sarawak；Sibu