二战前海南妇女的曲折出洋之路——以英属马来亚为例
中山大学 范若兰

摘要：在近代中国女性国际迁移潮中，海南妇女出洋之路十分曲折。1920年以前，海南禁止妇女出洋，1920年后虽然开放妇女出洋，但仍加以诸多限制。本文以海南妇女移民马来亚为例，探讨战前海南妇女移民马来亚的人数和模式，马来亚琼侨社会对女性南来的态度变化及其根源，并从性别视角进行深入分析。本文认为，海南对妇女出洋的禁止与限制，使琼侨人口增长缓慢，男女比例失衡严重；琼侨经济实力弱，不利于资本积累；琼侨妇女都是依附型移民，自立能力较差，在经济参与和社会参与上远远落后于其他方言群妇女。

关键词：海南 华人妇女 移民 新加坡 马来亚

A Twisty Road to Go Abroad for Hainan Women before the WWII—Case Study in Malaya

Fan Ruolan（School of International Relations，Sun Yat-sen University， Guangzhou，510275）

Abstract：Among the immigration waves of modern Chinese women，the road of Hainan women’s going abroad is especially twisty. Before 1920，Hainan government banned women from going abroad. After 1920，though Hainan women were allowed to go abroad， there were still so many restrictions. This article takes Hainan women who emigrated to Malaya as an example，for discussing and analyzing in depth from the perspective of gender the quantity and pattern of Hainan women emigrating to Malaya before the WWII；the variation and its root of the attitude of overseas Hainanese society towards women coming southward. This article believes，the prohibition and restriction of women’s going abroad in Hainan slowed down the growth of the population of overseas Hainanese，led to the imbalance between men and women is serious；the economic power of overseas Hainanese was weak and counted against the capital accumulation； the overseas Hainanese women were dependent immigrants with poor self-reliance ability， and lagged far behind other dialectal women group in economic and social participation.

Keywords：Hainan；Chinese Women；Immigration；Singapore；Malaya