在日福建华商的新近动向及其历史演变

廖赤阳

摘要：本文是对近年以日本为中心的福建华商之社团组织及其跨国网络的展开过程所做的参与式田野调查,与此同时,本文更力图将新近的动态性变化,置于东亚商贸网络及福建帮活动的历史背景之下予以理解。本文所指的华商并非预设的特定对象,而是一种包含着丰富的移动性、广域性、多样性、跨域性的分析方法。福建华商在日本的发展,经过了四个历史时期,在不断变化的同时表现出显著的历史持续性。尤其是在20世纪末21世纪初以来,大批福建新华侨来到日本,使福建华商在人口规模、产业经营和社会组织上均发生巨大的变化。他们建构起跨国网络,并且与中国建立起更为密切的联系。而中国也为其提供了更多的资源与机会,在互动中越来越发挥出网络平台的中心作用。

关键词：日本华侨;华商;福建帮;华人网络;后新移民

The Historical Evolution of Fujian Merchants in Japan: Recent Developments in the Transnational Network

Liao Chiyang

Abstract: This study examines the organization of Fujian merchants in Japan as well as the recent trends in how their network developed historically. The “Chinese merchants” analytical device is richly mobile, expansive, diverse, and border-transcendent. The Japanese Fujian gang network underwent considerable change during four historical periods, while also maintaining historical durability. In particular, from the end of the twentieth century through the twenty-first century, many new immigrants arrived, which led to major changes in the economic size and social organization of the Fujian merchants. They built a transnational network and developed a closer connection with China. China simultaneously made full use of various platforms and routes to deepen its interactions with Chinese networks and take a leading role.

Keywords: Chinese in Japan; Chinese Merchant; Fujian Gang; Overseas Chinese Network; Post-New Chinese Immigrants