日本古籍《华夷变态》与明清华侨史

段立生

摘要：日本古籍《华夷变态》是旅日华人林罗山祖孙三代收集船商口述材料编撰而成的一部类似长崎海关档案的编年史料。主要内容取材于唐船风说书,时间跨度从1644年至1717年。德川幕府通过唐船风说书向抵港的中国船商了解海外情况,这种做法实际上是承袭了中国史官文化的传统。《华夷变态》记载了明末清初唐船来往于中日之间,以及日本和东南亚之间的盛况,反映了华侨在执掌东西洋海上贸易方面扮演着重要的角色。从《华夷变态》保存的文件中可以清楚地看出,政治变乱是造成这段时期华侨出国的主要原因。如郑成功部将杨彦迪率3000名士兵移居越南南圻,并将那里开发成繁华都市。《华夷变态》对研究明清华侨史具有重要的史料价值,可补中国史籍之不足。

关键词：《华夷变态》;明清华侨史;唐船风说书

Japanese Ancient Books Huayi Pervertis and the History of Overseas Chinese in Ming and Qing Dynasties

Duan Lisheng

Abstract: Japanese ancient book Huayi Pervertis a chronicle similar to Nagasaki customs archives compiled by Three generations of Lin Luoshan, a Chinese living in Japan , The main content is drawn from Tang boat-style storytelling,which spans from 1644 to 1717. The Tokugawa shogunate learned about the overseas situation from the Chinese ship merchants arriving in Japanese port, through Tang boat storytelling, in fact following the tradition of Chinese historiographer culture. Huayi Pervertis records the grand occasion of Tang ships traveling between China and Japan and between Japan and Southeast Asia in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, reflecting the important role played by overseas Chinese in the management of maritime trade in the East and West. From the documents preserved in Huayi Pervertis, it can be clearly seen that political turmoil was the main reason for overseas Chinese to go abroad during this period. For example, Yang Yandi, a military officer under Zheng Chenggong’s comma had send 3000 soldiers to Nanqi, Vietnam, and developed it into a prosperous city. It is of great historical value to the study of the history of overseas Chinese in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and can supplement the shortage of Chinese history books.

Keywords: Huayi Pervertis; Chinese History in Ming and Qing Dynasties Tang boat-style Storytelling