在日华人女性的文化适应与国际经济活动

张洁

摘要：通过着眼于在日华人的代购活动及性别意识，本研究旨在观察海外代购活动是否帮助移住日本的中国全职主妇克服社会孤立，并在日本实现社会身份转变以及经济地位的提升。研究者对32名移居东京的华人全职主妇进行了采访，并分析了这些华人女性以家族身份移住日本前后的经历。在日本的外国人当中，作为家族配偶的中国女性在尝试进入日本职场时，由于日语能力和社会人脉的缺失，她们难以快速融入日本社会或实现就业。但是，近年来中国社会经济的发展，以及中国消费者对海外商品需求的快速增长，为定居海外的华人全职主妇提供了新的契机。与上一代在日华人相比，新一代的华人全职主妇为自己开辟了新的经济活动领域，也为自己在日本的生活创造了新的可能性。

关键词：日本 华人代购 全职主妇

International Economic Activities and Social Consciousness among

Chinese Newcomer Females in Japan

Zhang Jie

Abstract: By focusing on cross-border shopping services and gender social consciousness among overseas Chinese in Japan, this study investigates whether and how Daigou—overseas shopping services—has helped newly arrived Chinese housewives overcome social isolation as well as achieve different social identities and better economic status in Japan. Employing in-depth interviews with 32 newly arrived Chinese housewives in Tokyo, this study explores the experiences of disjuncture from previous lives of Chinese women who entered Japan with dependent visa status. Those Chinese women who have entered Japan as dependents have difficulties participating in the Japanese labor market, such as lacking Japanese language ability and social connections. Such barriers have resulted in their living in relative isolation. However, by using the website or free messaging app such as WeChat as a platform to display Japanese products and sell them to customers in China, newly arrived Chinese housewives have opened their businesses in the international market Therefore, many Chinese dependents can earn money in the Chinese market instead of washing dishes and cleaning restrooms in Japan. It can then greatly improve their socio- economic status, hence improving their satisfaction with their life as foreign residents in Japan

Keywords: Japan; Overseas Chinese; Cross - border Shopping Services; Chinese Housewives