二战后马来西亚华人社会的变化与转型

〔马来西亚〕廖文辉

摘要：二战后马来西亚华人社会的生态和模式虽然延续自二战前，然而随着经济和政治的发展，华社也进行了相应的调整和改变。其一，社团作为华社三宝，仍然是华社的核心，其中较大的改变是文教团体大量涌现，反映了华社对文教的捍卫和诉求。其二，个别单打独斗的社团走向联合，通过集体的力量来为华社服务。。其三，华团的功能也从服务南来华人，演变为替在地华社奋斗和努力，华团总会的出现最能说明这种转变。其四，会党则逐渐消亡，纷纷转型上岸。宗教则一如既往，不因社会的进步而萎缩，仍然是华社日常生活的重要元素。马来西亚政府推行的新村计划，基本打破了华人原有的聚落形态，也改变了华人的聚集和活动模式。这些都是二战前华社所没有的改变，这些变化除了新村计划之外，基本属于缓慢渐进的调整。

关键词：华社 华团 新村 马来西亚

The Change and Transformation of Chinese Society in Post-war Malaysia

Lew Bon Hoi

Abstract: The post-war Chinese society's ecological model had undergone adaptations and changes based on developments in economy and politics. Chinese society is vital to the Chinese community. First, numerous societies grew in numbers after the war, which showed the Chinese community appealing for the protection of education. Second, an individual society formed alliances with others, providing service to the Chinese community through combined effort. Third , the function of these societies progressed from servicing immigrants from China to striving for the benefits of local Chinese communities, of which the occurrence of general associations is a clear example of such transformation, Fourth, the decline in gangs and secret societies turned over a new leaf, On the contrary, religion remains an important element in the Chinese community lifestyle, and will not decline as the society progresses. The New Village project, which was implemented to fight against the communists, changed the Chinese community's mode of settlement，gathering, and activities. These changes never occurred before the war, and except for the New Village Project, other aspects of the Chinese community adjusted to the changing world at a slow and gradual pace.

Keywords:Chinese Community; Chinese Associations; New Village; Malaysia