20世纪未来华印尼华人青少年的远距离民族主义

潘玥 常小竹

摘要：1998年，印度尼西亚爆发了“五月骚乱”事件，部分印尼华人将子女送往中国“避难”。其中，大部分印尼华人子女在中国生活、学习或工作三五年后，在印尼局势相对平稳后返回印尼定居;而少部分则在中国究成本科教育后才返回印尼，有的甚至最终选择在中国定居。作为侨居在中国的印尼公民，他们的族群与国家认同相对稳定，在中国居住期间形成了特殊的远距离民族主义，既让他们倍感母国印尼的重要性，同时又在不断为侨居中国的新身份辩护。受远距离民族主义的影响，他们在异域环境下日益重视维护对印尼的国家认同，保留印尼人特有的生活方式，积极参与在中国的印尼人组织的各项活动，建立各种印尼人网络虚拟社区，远程参与总统和国会选举等。这部分印尼华人在中国的身份和经历，也成为他们的一大社会资本，是他们远在印尼的亲属了解真实中国的捷径，他们是发展中印尼经贸关系的实践者，也是深化中印尼关系的桥梁。

关键词：印尼华人 远距离民族主义 离散族群社会资本

Long-distance Nationalism of Indonesian Chinese Teenagers Who Came to China at the End of 20th Century

Pan Yue Chang Xiaozhu

Abstract: In 1998, May 1998 Riots of Indonesia broke out in Indonesia some Indonesian Chinese sent their children to China for refuge. Among them most Indonesian Chinese children and teenagers have lived, studied or worked in the China for three to five years, and then returned to Indonesia after the situation in Indonesia was relatively stable. A small number of them returned to Indonesia after completing their undergraduate education in China, and some even chose to settle down in China. As Indonesian expatriates living in Chinese, their ethnic groups and national identity are stable. They produced special long-distance nationalism, which makes them still feel the importance of their home country, lndonesia, but at the same time, they are constantly defending their new identity as Idonesian who lived in China. Influenced by Indonesia's long-distance nationalism.they pay more attention to maintaining their national identity in an exotic environment, retain the unique lifestyle of Indonesians, actively participate in the activities of Indonesians in China, establish various Indonesians’ online virtual communities, and remotely participate in presidential and parliamentary elections. The identity and experience of these immigrants in China have also become a major social capital for them. They are a shortcut for Indonesian relatives and friends to understand the real China, a practitioner of developing China Indonesia economic and trade relations, and a bridge to deepen China and Indonesia relations.

Keywords:Indonesian Chinese；Long-distance Nationalism；Diasporas；Social Capital